The Rise and Fall of the Berlin Wall.

The Rise and Fall of the Berlin Wall. The Rise and Fall of the Berlin WallThe rise of the Berlin Wall was not only a means of restrictive passage, but a symbolization of the Cold War. The fall of the Berlin Wall was also a symbol for the fall of the Soviet Union and the Cold War. The three major reasons for the rise and fall of the Berlin Wall were different governing ideologies, self-determination, and economics. The greatest factor many would say is the self-determination of the German people, but the real reason for the duration of the wall are the different forms of government controlling Germany and opposed to each other during the cold war.When World War II was over, Germany was divided into four sectors. The Americans, British, and French controlled the west and the Soviets controlled the East. It was parliamentary democracy vs. communism. America, Britain, and France were all democratic in nature as opposed to Russia as a communistic state.Juggling on the Berlin Wall on 16. November 1989. ...Although Russia allie d with America and Great Britain during the war they were always enemies to each others governing ideologies. The two extreme differences in government meant extreme differences for Germany. Germans were separated at the heart of Germany in Berlin. West Germany progressed through capitalism and the aid of America, while the east remained poor and suffered through Soviet influence. On October 29, 1946 the Soviet Military administration safeguarded the demarcation line between East and West Germany to uphold Soviet interests. Growing tensions between the East and West heightened after the completion of the war. West Germany founded the Federal Republic of Germany on May 24, 1949 supported by the democratic nations of America, Britain, and France. East Germany founded the German Democratic Republic on October 7, 1949 supported by the communistic beliefs of the Soviet Union. Governing ideologies severely...

Sample of an Effective Grad School Letter of Recommendation

Sample of an Effective Grad School Letter of Recommendation Whether a letter is good or simply adequate depends not just on its content but on how well it fits the program to which you’re applying. Consider the following letter written for a student who is applying to an online graduate program: In this case, the student is applying to an online graduate program and the professors experiences with the student are entirely in online courses. Considering this purpose, the letter is good. The professor speaks from experiences with the  student in an online class environment, presumably similar to what he will experience in an online graduate program. The professor describes the nature of the course and discusses the students work within that environment. This letter supports the students application to an online program because the professors experiences speak to the students ability to excel in an online class environment. Specific examples of the students participation and contributions to the course would improve this letter. This same letter is less effective for students who are applying to traditional brick-and-mortar programs because faculty will want to know about the students real-life interaction skills and capacity to communicate and get along with others. A Sample Letter of Recommendation Dear Admissions Committee:    I am writing on behalf of Stu Dents application to the online master’s program in Education offered at XXU. All of my experiences with Stu are as a student in my online courses. Stu enrolled in my Introduction to Education (ED 100) online course in Summer, 2003.    As you are aware, online courses, because of the lack of face-to-face interaction, require a high degree of motivation the part of students. The course is structured so that for each unit, students read the textbook as well as lectures that I have written, they post in discussion forums in which they converse with other students about issues raised by the readings, and they complete one or two essays. The summer online course is especially grueling as a full semester’s worth of content is covered in one month. Each week, students are expected to master the content that would be presented in 4 2-hour lectures. Stu performed very well in this course, earning a final score of 89, A-.    The following Fall (2003), he enrolled in my Early Childhood Education (ED 211) online course and continued his above average performance, earning a final score of 87, B. Throughout both courses, Stu consistently submitted his work on time and was an active participant in the discussions, engaging other students, and sharing practical examples from his experience as a parent.    Though I have never met Stu face-to-face, from our online interactions, I can attest to his ability to complete the academic requirements of XXUs online masters program in Education. If you have questions, please feel free to contact me at (xxx) xxx-xxxx or email: profxxx.edu    Sincerely,Prof.

Self-strengthening movernment in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Self-strengthening movernment in China - Essay Example Modern scholars of Chinese national security questions would do well to give attention to a hundred-year period that marked a truly pivotal moment within that 4000-year span. The turning point in the Chinese history came in the nineteenth century, requiring as it does careful attention to the administration’s dealings with the great powers of Europe, the United States, and Japan. The Qing Dynasty which was in control more or less of the Empire since 1644, found itself at mid-century unable to ignore dealing with the foreign barbarians, and this required extensive review of its economic, diplomatic and military policies and procedures. The power to create change to these areas and modernize Chinese armed forces in particular can be remembered as the Self-Strengthening Movement1. The Self-Strengthening Movement, as the name indicates, advocated by a group of Qing officials who wanted to strengthen the weak leadership by learning technology from the western countries. The Self-St rengthening Movement was also a period of institutional reforms introduced during the late Qing Dynasty following a number of military defeats and concessions to western powers. Unfortunately, this movement can be considered as a failure because China did not be able to defend itself during the Sino-French and Sino-Japanese wars. The failure of the Self –Strengthening Movement can be connected to a number of reasons one being the limited number of skilled man power, which led to the collapse of the self-strengthening movement. Transmission of technology was small in 1881 when the project of sending boys to western countries like United States of America to study stopped. China did not realize that one of the real reasons was its corrupt system and government. There was wide spread corruption in the government of China which can be seen as a factor to the collapse of self-strengthening movement in China. An example is the Dowager Empress which spent over 30 million Taels of fu nds meant for the naval to constructing the Summer Palace for her own â€Å"amusement during retirement† as Hsu stated. The 30 million Taels meant to fund and support the navy of china. Hsu also noted that Li Hongzhang can be â€Å"not noted for high morals and character†. Apparently, Li left behind an estate estimated to be worth over 40 million Taels that the people close to him â€Å"milked and squeezed the factories and enterprises under their charge mercilessly.† Many more events led to the collapse of the self-strengthening movement in china one of them being the western merchants withdrawing their capital in China and ceasing to trade. The coastal merchants all became bankrupt and their original strength became extremely drained. The populace in turn, moved away and became vagrants. In some day, they may be frightened several times without being able to protect their own lives. The Chinese merchants even suffered more. In the self-strengthening movement w hich involved more wars, the Chinese merchants, merely caused trouble to themselves2. The Self-strengthening movement had a limited scope of activities to carry out. According to Hsu, the self-strengthening movement only went as far as improving â€Å"machines, ships, firearms, mining, light industry and communications. No efforts existed to integrate Western organizations, culture, arts, and philosophy.†

Family Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Family Business - Essay Example According to the report there is detailed presentation of three key factors; owner, potential successor and environment, and their effects in family business transfers that guarantees continuity. Wise management of these three factors will ensure elimination of key challenges hence ensuring business continuity. From the study, there is an indication that family businesses in Austria operate on long-term orientation with the objective of passing on the business from one generation to the next within the family lineage. This makes issue on business succession an important process of greater importance to families.  From this discussion it is clear that  the process of business transfers entails various aspects of concern such as emotional elements and occurrences of intergenerational conflicts. The study reveals several initiatives that are required in the process of planning successive transfer process in a timely fashion. Substantial preparation on both owners and successors is c onsidered one of the major success factors in business succession.  Family business transfers require detailed incorporation of intention as well as inclusion of various generational changes. Such changes are crucial in ownership and management processes since they pose considerable challenge to the process.Communication plays a role in overcoming such obstacles especially on the ability to question and translate strategy into profitable action. Such actions are considered superior especially when markets are facing uncertainties.

Social, Moral and Cultural Effects of Introducing ICT to a System Essay Example for Free

Social, Moral and Cultural Effects of Introducing ICT to a System Essay When ICT is introduced to a workplace, there is bound to be several changes in and around that workplace. ICT is such a powerful tool that businesses can take advantage of and use to help them but it does have its effects, some good, and some bad. Three of the main effects the introduction of ICT will definitely have are new jobs being created, old ones being modified and possibly jobs lost. To keep the ICT system running efficiently in a workplace it takes time and effort of the workers. technicians and programmers will be used to set up the system and get it functioning. It takes time to get all the components of a system together and network computers if that is what you require. Exactly what the technicians and programmers will do depends on what you want the system to do. Different computers will be used for different jobs just as different printers can be effective for different tasks. Once the hardware of the system is all set up and ready to go, the programmers will move in. It will be their job to install an OS (Operating System) on the computers and program any specific applications they may require (this could just be creating a database in Microsoft Access). Once this is all complete, the computers are ready to be managed by System Administrators, Network Managers and Systems Analyst who will keep the system going and may rely on the knowledge of technicians if any major problems or errors may occur. All of the above jobs will need to be filled in order for your system to function to a high standard. You may find that one of your current employees knows how to set up a network and the software you require, and if so their job will change. Changes in peoples jobs and day-to-day tasks will differ with the introduction of ICT. Now that ICT is used they will do the same job, but they may well have to go about doing it differently. For example, if a worker in a library stores the data on cards and places it in a filing cabinet in order when someone wants to borrow a book they would do the same job if they had a computer in front of them. However, they might have to access a database and instead enter the data in there, rather than the slow tedious filing cabinets. This would apply to lots of jobs in offices; receptionists, typists and secretaries would now type up and organize meetings on their computer using calendar software and DTP software such as Microsoft Word. This would also make errors in their job less likely due to spell check. However, not all companies want to pay for the training that they would have to give their staff in order for them to be able to use the system and its software. Some of them may have not ever used a computer before, and it can be very difficult and expensive to train staff who have no past experience with their software. Some jobs will always require training; especially if you are using personalized software that was created for your business only. These days, software such as Microsoft Word tends to be quite common to people and this will know the basics of how to operate it as computers become more popular. Staff who previously had jobs in accountancy and added up figures or wrote personalized letters to members of leisure centre or library may lose their jobs. It would be easier for the company to bring in new typists or accountants who are already trained with the software they would be using, and are familiar with computers. If the company can bring in people with past experience they are likely to chose that route rather than pay for members of staff unfamiliar with the software to be trained in it.

The Messiah as Corruptor in Frank Herbert’s Dune Essay -- Dune

The Messiah as Corruptor in Frank Herbert’s Dune Frank Herbert’s Dune is arguably one of the best science fiction novels ever written. A milestone of the genre, the work incorporates an intricate plot with a unique setting and memorable characters. Dune is rich with thematic material, touching on such varied issues as ecology, economics, religion, and politics; ultimately, it is a novel about control, the consequences of power, and human nature. Any reading of Dune and its sequels inevitably arrives at an analysis of Paul, who begins the novel as the youthful ducal heir to House Atreides. Trained both by his mother, a sister of the enigmatic Bene Gesserit School, and by the mentat Thufir Hawat, the human equivalent of a supercomputer, Paul is obviously quite gifted. Through some combination of his genetic makeup and his education, Paul has exceptional mental clarity, often seeing connections where others would see nothing; sometimes his abilities, especially his prophetic dreams, transcend rational explanation. Early on in Dune, House Atreides is pressured into a change of fief from their ancestral home of Caladan to the unforgiving desert planet Arrakis—the sole source of the spice melange which, among other things, promotes long life and gives the Imperium a means of interstellar transport. The victim of a â€Å"work of art among vendettas,† Paul’s father, Duke Leto Atreides, is soon deposed and assassinated by the Atreides’ hereditary rival, the Baron Harkonnen. Having managed to escape House Harkonnen’s clutches, Paul and his mot her, Lady Jessica, find themselves lost in the desert wilderness and are soon captured by a tribe of the indigenous Fremen. With the guidance of his mother, Paul works himself into the implanted ... ...s character, Herbert asserts that in messiahs we must not look for domination, but for inspiration. Works Cited Herbert, Frank. Dune. Berkley Publishing Company. New York, NY. 1965. Herbert, Frank. Dune Messiah. Berkley Publishing Company. New York, NY. 1969. Kucera, Paul. â€Å"Listening to Ourselves: Herbert’s Dune, â€Å"the Voice† and Performing the Absolute.† Extrapolation. Vol 42, No 3. Fall 2001. 232–45. Mulachy, Kevin. â€Å"The Prince on Arrakis: Frank Herbert’s Dialogue with Machiavelli.† Extrapolation. Vol 37, No 2. Spring 1996. 22–36. O’Reilley, Timothy. Frank Herbert. Frederick Ungar Publishing Co. New York, NY. 1981. Stratton, Susan. â€Å"The Messiah and the Greens: The Shape of Environmental Action in Dune and Pacific Edge.† Extrapolation. Vol 42, No 4. Winter 2001. 301–16. Touponce, William. Frank Herbert. Twayne Publishers. Boston, MA. 1988.

Budget Request: Hiring New Officers in the Community Essay

1. Include at least two (2) robust justifications for hiring new police officers. The justification should anticipate the key questions that the chief executive and council will likely ask. a. If this request is the result of an increased workload, how quickly did the workload increase? Could the increased workload be covered by part-time employees or by shifting employees from another area? b. How long have you known this need was developing? Was the manager previously briefed on the growing workload? c. If the request is not funded, what impact will it have on the department? On citizens? (Hint: If your request is not funded this year, managers often look to see if a request is repeatedly put forward to gauge its urgency. ) The present police force include thirty uniformed officers, there is an immediate need to hire three to five more officers. The many of the citizens in this city have observed crime in the downtown area is rising rapidly. With a population of over 75,000 residents in the community, I strongly encourage increasing our police force to offset of crime rate in the community. For every police office there are 2500 citizens at that ratio we are definitely under manned. The budget while important cannot be the determining factor. Our officers must know that we support them as a department and want them to be apart of their families lives. Much of the data from my department show no increase of crime rate however we cannot substaine control of this amount of population without adding to the force. With many veterans returning home from the wars we should be able to get qualified applicants. When hiring these types of talents there will be less money in the training of the individual and more concentration on the duty of the officer saving the community more money. This request will be justified as an increase in crime and workload has increased over the years, the crime and workload has risen moderately over the six year period we never hired new officers and now seems like a great time to contain the problem. The increased workload and crime increase will have to be covered by three full time employees and two part time employees. This need has been developing since the year of 2006 when the economy seemed to be going into an economic depression, when people began losing their jobs crime increased and the workload for the officers went up as well because they were handling situations they were not accustomed to such as counseling families and being mentors to children whose parents were working to help with the ever rising gas and food prices. The manager was informed of the changes in the workload and bought it to my attention that something has to be done or we will lose business in the area due to crime and on other factors. If the request is not funded this will have a major impact on the department the public will no longer believe we are here to protect them just to satisfy a fiscal budget that is drawn up every year. People in the communities will then feel as though they will have to take the law into their own hands causing turmoil within the communities. My second justification citizen appreciation and safety, hiring the new officers will show citizens that we put their public safety knowing that our budget will not be balanced. Analysis executed by the statistical department forecast and increase done by my team and the increase in the population is what prompts us to request for the hiring of new officers. Community policing is required in each community by officers hired through the state this type of policing promotes structural strategies, which provides the officers with partnerships and problem-solving skills, that will deter crime and social disorder. The safeties of each citizen will the number one concern citizens should feel safe walking home from school, the movies or even walking to their dogs. This justification of hiring new officers will just make people feel safer, when they see our patrol cars covering their areas, and also when they see our officers in their local school protecting their kids from any type of violence or verbal assaults. This year we are seeing the biggest increase in retirees, our senior officers are retiring this is also a factor in our need to hire new officers. The first objection would be that after doing the analysis of 911 response calls and hands-on activities of the officer do we really need more fficers? The officers are very efficient and they exceed all of their goals that are placed before them currently. With crime rate at in the community at six year low, why do we need these officers? With the hiring of these new officers the demand for overtime pay with the existing officers will decrease. Overtime cost the department a significant amount it also puts a mental strain on the officers. Financing of the new officer packaging will come fr om those decreases. Another objection proposed revenue for salaries where does it come from? We are going to approve a parcel tax that would give the city millions of dollars to hire more police officers? Will there also be a program in place where the community participates in helping the officers with crime control? If this is put in to place then there will not be a need to higher new officers because this will cut down on cost. Not many citizens oppose hiring five new police officers because of the immediate benefit to morale of the city and police department. One objection is proper allocation of funds throughout the force. With the addition al officers being added on the force their will be additional arrests, court appointed lawyers assigned to the case, and over populated jails. Each of the benefits lead to an increase of fines and revenue collections by the judicial courts. Prevention is the key when thinking of arrests and jail numbers; with the increase in police officers there will be an increase in costs within the community and state trickling to the federal government as well. The cost of equipment replacement and repair could play a role in the investment of new officers. If there is an increase in officers within the community what guarantees that the rate of crime in the downtown area will decrease? There are other areas within the state that has an increase in crime would these officers be beneficial for all areas or just the intended areas? Will the citizens of the city have to worry about a tax hike to pay for these officers? These are very relevant questions that should be answered only to protect the citizens within the community. In conclusion the budget request definitely points towards the hiring of the officers, more than one hundred percent of the money goes to creating jobs. Job creation is very important to the community because it provides family stability. There is funding in the federal government that includes grants if you are hiring police officers and the COPS Hiring Program (CHP) this program has awarded 111 million dollars in grant money to help with the hiring of police officers. (http://www. cops. usdoj. gov/Default. asp? Item=2367). With the increase of crime increasing within the community there is much need for the new officers to be hired our number one goal is to protect the people of the community and state. Police officers are here to suppress the fear of crime and also to decrease the rate of crime. There are many factors that are covered by the federal government when funding each state with enough funding for police enforcement. The federal government uses these funds to initiate activities that combat violence in local communities, including $25 million for the Community- Based Violence Prevention Initiatives that aim to reduce gun and other violence among youth gangs in cities and towns across the country.